Philosopher, Physician, Economist and Satirist. Bernard Mandeville leaves the Netherlands in 1690 after his alleged involvement with the Costermann riot in 1690. An anti taxation protest in Rotterdam. Mandeville writes a satirical poem about the fleet of Jacob van Zuijlen van Nievelt. Fearful for the repurcussions he sets sail for England. Mandeville’s main thesis is: “Vice is the true source of general wellbeing”. Virtue is harmful. He coins the Mandeville paradox: “individual benefit does not necessarily equates collective benefit”. He is particularly known outside of the Netherlands. Bernard Mandeville was inspired by Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592), Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) and Pierre Bayle (1647-1706). Quoted by Karl Marx (1818-1893), he inspires the works of Adam Smith (1723-1790), David Hume (1711-1776), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778), Voltaire (1694-1778), Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Bernard Mandeville teaches us to think non-dogmatically. Imperfections are required forces in society.
Jan van Mandeville (1300 St Albans – 1358 Liege)
Author of “Les Voyages de Jan van Mandeville”. This travelogue inspired both Christopher Columbus and Marco Polo. Mandeville’s travels in 1356 consist of two components. One journey through the Byzantine Empire, Asia Minor, the Holy Land, The Sinai, Egypt onto the fictional country of “Pape Jan”. The second journey runs to the far East (India, China and other far eastern territories). The first translation from Dutch is in 1434 from the St Maartensdal monastery in Leuven . This manuscript also contains a fine copy of the Rhyme Bible of Jacob van Maerlant. Travel was a dangerous undertaking in the early 14th century. It required courage, curiosity and restlessness. These three traits are core values of the Mandeville Academy.
Geoffrey de Mandeville, Second Earl of Essex (1191-1216)
Geoffrey de Mandeville was an English peer. With 24 friends he opposed King John for the increased power of the King. Forcing King John to sign the Magna Carta on 15 June 1215 limiting the power of the King and granting greater political freedom. The church is exonerated from the reign of the King, justice and law reformed. In 2016 Geoffrey de Mandeville succumbs to his injuries incurred in a joust in London.
Geoffrey de Mandeville demonstrates that no one is beyond critique. Authority and power is to be questioned to fight compromise.
Geoffrey de Mandeville, first Earl of Essex *1100 – 1144)
Geoffrey de Mandeville rebels against the King who had confiscated part of his family’s patrimony including the Tower of London.
The feud escalates and Mandeville is excommunicated in 1143 with the support of Pope Celestinus.
Mandeville met his death from an archer’s arrow received in a skirmish. Because he had died excommunicate, his body was denied burial at the monastery he had founded in approximately 1136, the Walden Priory.
Eventually Pope Celestinus II reluctantly agrees for his remains to be buried in the Temple Church in London provided his remains are wrapped in lead to assure his soul cannot escape to heaven. His comrades abide by these conditions but not before punching a few holes in the box to allow his soul to escape anyway. Friendship and Loyalty at it’s best. In a medieval manuscript, Mandeville’s death is symbolised by a broken lance. The upside-down coat of arms symbolises his excommunication, making him an outlaw. The upside down coat of arms is equally the logo of Mandeville Academy, the gifted are beyond the masses. Bless them.